Thermal Properties of Materials

Material	*Density lb./in³	Specific Heat Btu/(lb)(°F)	*Thermal Conductivity (Btu)(in.)/(hr.)(ft²)(°F)	Melting Point °F (Lowest)	Latent Heat of Fusion Btu/lb.	*Thermal Expansion in/in/°F X 10^-6

Aluminum 1100-0	.098	.24	1540	1190	169.0	13.1
Brass, Yellow	.306	.096	816	1710		11.3
Copper	.324	.095	2736	1981	91.1	9.2
Gold	.698	.032	2064	1945	29.0	7.9

Incoloy 800	.290	.13	80	2500		7.9
Incoloy 600	.304	.13	103	2500		5.8
Invar 36% Ni	.289	.12	76	2600		0.6
Iron, Malleable Cast	.260	.11	320	2250		6.0

Lead, Solid	.410	.032	241	621	11.3	16.3
Lead, Liquid	.372	.037	107
Magnesium	.063	.25	1068	1202	160.0	14.0
Molybdenum	.369	.071	980	4750	126.0	2.94

Monel 400	.319	.11	151	2400		6.4
Nickel 200	.321	.12	520	2615	133.0	5.8
Nichrome (80% Ni-20% Cr)	.302	.11	104	2550		7.3
Palladium 99.5%	.432	.06	490	2830	69.5	6.5

Platinum	.775	.035	480	3217	49.0	4.9
Silver	.379	.057	2904	1761	38.0	11.4
Solder (50% Pb-50% Sb)	.321	.051	323	421	17	13.0
Steel, Mild	.284	.12	460	2760		6.7

Steel, Stainless 304	.290	.12	113	2550		9.6
Steel, Stainless 430	.280	.11	181	2600		5.8
Tantalum	.600	.035	372	5425		3.57
Tin, Solid	.264	.065	468	449	26.1	12.8

Tin, Liquid	.246	.052	228
Titanium 99.0%	.163	.13	112	3020	187	4.8
Tungsten	.697	.03	1140	6170	79.0	2.45
Type Metal (85% Pb-15% Sb)	.387	.04		500	14

Zinc	.258	.096	785	787	43.3	22.0
Zirconium	.234	.067	145	3350	108	3.22

*At or near room temperature.
**Percentage concentration by weight in water solution.
***At 1000F

Material	*Density lb./in³	Specific Heat Btu/(lb)(°F)	*Thermal Conductivity (Btu)(in.)/ (hr.)(ft²)(°F)	Melting Point °F (Lowest)	Latent Heat of Fusion Btu/lb.	*Thermal Expansion in/in/°F x10^-6

Asphalt	.076	.22	5.16	250	40
Boron Nitride (Compacted)	.082	.33	125.00	5430		1-4
Brick, Hard	.072	.24	9.00			3-6
Carbon	.080	.20	165.00	6700		0.3-2.4

Cellulose Acetate	.048	.40	1.20-2.30			61-83
Delrin	.050	.35	1.56			45
Glass, Crown	.101	.16	7.50			5
Ice	.033	.49	15.60	32	144	28.3

Mica	.098	.12	4.80			18
MgO (Compacted)	.110	.21	14.40			7.7
Nylon	.042	.45	1.70			61-63
Paper	.033	.33	0.84

Paraffin	.033	.69	1.60	133	63
Phenolic (Cast Resin)	.047	.35	1.1			44-61
Polyethylene (High Density)	.035	.55	3.36			94
Polystyrene	.038	.32	0.70-1.00			33-44

Rubber, Hard	.043	.48	1.12			340
Steatite	.073	.20	20.40			4.5-5.5
Sulfur	.072	.20	1.80	230	17	36
Teflon	.078	.25	1.70			55

Vinylidene	.062	.32	2.00			28-100
Wood, Oak	.027	.57	1.22

*At or near room temperature.
**Percentage concentration by weight in water solution.
***At 1000F

Material	*Density lb./Gal.	Specific Heat Btu/(lb)(°F)	*Thermal Conductivity (Btu)(in.)/ (hr.)(ft²)(°F)	Boiling Point °F	Heat of Vaporization Btu/lb.

Acetic Acid, 20%**	8.60	.91	3.70	214±	810±
Alcohol (ethyl)	6.74	.60	1.30	173	367
Brine (25% NaCl)**	9.91	.79	2.88	220±	730±
Caustic Soda (18% NaOH)**	10.00	.84	3.90	221±	795±

Dowtherm A	8.80	.44	0.96	496	42.2
Ethylene Glycol	9.36	.56		387
Freon 12	10.94	.23	0.49	-21.6	62
Glycerine	10.52	.58	1.97	556

Hydrochloric Acid 10%**	8.89	.93	3.90	551
Nitric Acid, 7%**	8.65	.92	3.80	220±	918±
Oils (Petroleum)	7.35	.45
Paraffin (Melted)	7.49	.96±	1.68	572	70

Potassium (K)***	5.96	.18	253.2	1400	893
Sodium (Na)***	6.84	.30	446.4	1638	1810
Sulfuric Acid 10%**	9.90	.92	4.0	216
Therminol FR-2	12.10	.30	0.7	648±

Turpentine	7.22	.42	0.90	319	133
Vegetable Oil	7.75	.43±	1.10
Water	8.34	1.00	4.08	212	965

*At or near room temperature.
**Percentage concentration by weight in water solution.
***At 1000F

Gas	*Density lb./ft³	Specific Heat Btu/(lb)(°F)	*Thermal Conductivity (Btu)(in.)/ (hr.)(ft²)(°F)

Air at 80°F	.073	.240	.18
Air at 400°F	.046	.247	.27
Ammonia	.044	.523	.16
Argon	.102	.125	.12

Carbon Dioxide	.113	.199	.12
Carbon Monoxide	.072	.248	.18
Chlorine	.184	.115	.06
Helium	.011	1.250	1.10

Hydrogen	.0052	3.390	.13
Methane	.0447	.590	.21
Nitrogen	.072	.248	.19
Oxygen	.082	.218	.18
Sulphur Dioxide	.172	.152	.07

*At or near room temperature.
**Percentage concentration by weight in water solution.
***At 1000F