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May 19, 2013
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Thermal Properties of Materials
Thermal Properties of Metals
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Material
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*Density
lb./in³
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Specific Heat
Btu/(lb)(°F)
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*Thermal Conductivity
(Btu)(in.)/
(hr.)(ft²)(°F)
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Melting Point °F (Lowest)
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Latent Heat
of Fusion
Btu/lb.
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*Thermal Expansion in/in/°F
x10-6
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Aluminum 1100-0
Brass, Yellow
Copper
Gold
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.098
.306
.324
.698
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.24
.096
.095
.032
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1540
816
2736
2064
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1190
1710
1981
1945
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169.0
91.1
29.0
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13.1
11.3
9.2
7.9
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Incoloy 800
Incoloy 600
Invar 36% Ni
Iron, Malleable Cast
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.290
.304
.289
.260
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.13
.13
.12
.11
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80
103
76
320
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2500
2500
2600
2250
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7.9
5.8
0.6
6.0
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Lead, Solid
Lead, Liquid
Magnesium
Molybdenum
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.410
.372
.063
.369
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.032
.037
.25
.071
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241
107
1068
980
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621
1202
4750
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11.3
160.0
126.0
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16.3
14.0
2.94
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Monel 400
Nickel 200
Nichrome (80% Ni-20% Cr)
Palladium 99.5%
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.319
.321
.302
.432
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.11
.12
.11
.06
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151
520
104
490
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2400
2615
2550
2830
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133.0
69.5
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6.4
5.8
7.3
6.5
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Platinum
Silver
Solder (50% Pb-50% Sb)
Steel, Mild
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.775
.379
.321
.284
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.035
.057
.051
.12
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480
2904
323
460
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3217
1761
421
2760
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49.0
38.0
17
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4.9
11.4
13.0
6.7
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Steel, Stainless 304
Steel, Stainless 430
Tantalum
Tin, Solid
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.290
.280
.600
.264
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.12
.11
.035
.065
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113
181
372
468
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2550
2600
5425
449
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26.1
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9.6
5.8
3.57
12.8
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Tin, Liquid
Titanium 99.0%
Tungsten
Type Metal
(85% Pb-15% Sb)
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.246
.163
.697
.387
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.052
.13
.03
.04
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228
112
1140
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3020
6170
500
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187
79.0
14
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4.8
2.45
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Zinc
Zirconium
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.258
.234
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.096
.067
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785
145
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787
3350
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43.3
108
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22.0
3.22
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Printable Version
Thermal Properties of Non-metals
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Material
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*Density
lb./in³
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Specific Heat
Btu/(lb)(°F)
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*Thermal Conductivity
(Btu)(in.)/
(hr.)(ft²)(°F)
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Melting Point °F (Lowest)
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Latent Heat
of Fusion
Btu/lb.
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*Thermal Expansion in/in/°F
x10-6
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Asphalt
Boron Nitride (Compacted)
Brick, Hard
Carbon
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.076
.082
.072
.080
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.22
.33
.24
.20
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5.16
125.00
9.00
165.00
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250
5430
6700
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40
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1-4
3-6
0.3-2.4
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Cellulose Acetate
Delrin
Glass, Crown
Ice
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.048
.050
.101
.033
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.40
.35
.16
.49
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1.20-2.30
1.56
7.50
15.60
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32
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144
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61-83
45
5
28.3
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Mica
MgO (Compacted)
Nylon
Paper
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.098
.110
.042
.033
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.12
.21
.45
.33
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4.80
14.40
1.70
0.84
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18
7.7
61-63
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Paraffin
Phenolic (Cast Resin)
Polyethylene (High Density)
Polystyrene
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.033
.047
.035
.038
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.69
.35
.55
.32
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1.60
1.1
3.36
0.70-1.00
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133
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63
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44-61
94
33-44
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Rubber, Hard
Steatite
Sulfur
Teflon
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.043
.073
.072
.078
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.48
.20
.20
.25
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1.12
20.40
1.80
1.70
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230
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17
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340
4.5-5.5
36
55
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Vinylidene
Wood, Oak
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.062
.027
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..32
.57
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2.00
1.22
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28-100
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Printable Version
Thermal Properties of Liquids
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Material
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*Density
lb./Gal.
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Specific Heat
Btu/(lb)(°F)
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*Thermal Conductivity
(Btu)(in.)/
(hr.)(ft²)(°F)
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Boiling Point °F
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Heat of Vaporization
Btu/lb.
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Acetic Acid, 20%**
Alcohol (ethyl)
Brine (25% NaCl)**
Caustic Soda (18% NaOH)**
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8.60
6.74
9.91
10.00
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.91
.60
.79
.84
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3.70
1.30
2.88
3.90
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214±
173
220±
221±
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810±
367
730±
795±
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Dowtherm A
Ethylene Glycol
Freon 12
Glycerine
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8.80
9.36
10.94
10.52
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.44
.56
.23
.58
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0.96
0.49
1.97
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496
387
-21.6
556
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42.2
62
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Hydrochloric Acid 10%**
Nitric Acid, 7%**
Oils (Petroleum)
Paraffin (Melted)
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8.89
8.65
7.35
7.49
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.93
.92
.45
.96±
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3.90
3.80
1.68
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551
220±
572
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918±
70
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Potassium (K)***
Sodium (Na)***
Sulfuric Acid 10%**
Therminol FR-2
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5.96
6.84
9.90
12.10
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.18
.30
.92
.30
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253.2
446.4
4.0
0.7
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1400
1638
216
648±
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893
1810
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Turpentine
Vegetable Oil
Water
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7.22
7.75
8.34
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.42
.43±
1.00
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0.90
1.10
4.08
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319
212
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133
965
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Printable Version
Thermal Properties of Gases
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Gas
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*Density
lb./ft3
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Specific Heat
Btu/(lb)(°F)
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*Thermal Conductivity
(Btu)(in.)/
(hr.)(ft²)(°F)
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Air at 80°F
Air at 400°F
Ammonia
Argon |
.073
.046
.044
.102 |
.240
.247
.523
.125 |
.18
.27
.16
.12
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Carbon Dioxide
Carbon Monoxide
Chlorine
Helium
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.113
.072
.184
.011 |
.199
.248
.115
1.250
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.12
.18
.06
1.10
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Hydrogen
Methane
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Sulphur Dioxide |
.0052
.0447
.072
.082
.172 |
3.390
.590
.248
.218
.152 |
.13
.21
.19
.18
.07
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Printable Version
*At or near room temperature.
**Percentage concentration by weight in water solution.
***At 1000F
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